Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that records transactions across a network of computers in a way that makes the resulting record difficult to alter retroactively without consensus from the network. Each block contains a cryptographically linked reference to the previous block, and consensus mechanisms, such as proof of work, proof of stake, and Byzantine fault tolerance, allow participants to agree on the ledger's state without a central authority. Beyond its origin in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, blockchain supports smart contracts, self-executing code on platforms like Ethereum, supply chain traceability, digital identity verification, and decentralized finance applications. Industry surveys report that nearly 90 percent of global businesses are exploring blockchain applications, driven by convergence with AI, IoT, and cloud technologies. Research in this area addresses scalability limitations, the energy consumption of consensus algorithms, interoperability between blockchain networks, and security vulnerabilities in smart contract code. As an open-access blockchain journal, IJACSA publishes research on blockchain architectures, consensus protocol improvements, and applied systems for security and supply chain management.
Published in International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA)
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Playfair cipher is the first known digraph polyalphabetic method. It relies on 5x5 uppercase alphabets matrix with simple substitution processes to be used for encryption and decryption. This paper proposes an enhanced v…
User authentication and session management are two of the most critical aspects of computer security and privacy on the web. However, despite their importance, in practice, authentication and session management are imple…
The need for fast and attack resistance crypto algorithm is challenging issue in the era of the revolution in the information and communication technologies. The previous works presented by the authors “Dynamic Crypto Al…
Elliptic Curve Cryptography provides similar strength of protection comparing other public key cryptosystems but requires significantly smaller key size. This paper proposes a new faster scalar multiplication algorithm a…
Data warehouse is a set of integrated databases deliberated to expand decision-making and problem solving, espousing exceedingly condensed data. Data warehouse happens to be progressively more accepted theme for contempo…
Cryptocurrency, a form of digital currency that has an open and decentralized system and uses cryptography to enhance security and control the creation of new units, is touted to be the next step from conventional moneta…
The resistance to statistical kind of attacks of encrypted messages is a very important property for designing cryptographic primitives. In this paper, the parastrophic quasigroup PE-transformation, proposed elsewhere, i…
Security of data in a computer is needed to protect critical data and information from other parties. One way to protect data is to apply the science of cryptography to perform data encryption. There are wide variety of…
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) has established itself as the most preferred and secured cryptography algorithm for the secure data transfer and secure data storage in embedded system environment. Efficient implementat…
This paper demonstrates a comprehensive analysis method using formal methods such as finite-state machine. First, we describe the modified version of our new protocol and briefly explain the encrypt-then-authenticate mec…