Implementation and Evaluation of a Dynamic Multi-Grid Pattern Authentication for Secure Financial Applications

Authentication plays an important role in online banking services. Nowadays, many online services still use password-based and One-Time Password (OTP) codes as authentication methods, but this is no longer secure, especially with the increase in financial fraud. In this research, a novel pattern-based password approach that relies on the random generation of multiple numeric grids is proposed. The approach is developed and deployed as a simple mobile application to be evaluated by banking users. Performance and security tests were used to evaluate the robustness of the approach. The findings of the assessment reveal that the performance and security level of our approach are high. The assessment also shows the approach to be capable of reducing and preventing financial fraud and protecting online banking systems from different types of cyberattacks through shoulder-surfing, eavesdropping, and brute force. The findings demonstrate the robustness of the pattern password, where fraudsters will be less likely to capture and recognize the correct password or discriminate between the patterns with their different values. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach that proposes a solution with the use of multi-grid rather than single-grid pattern passwords.

@article{Qashlan2026,
  title     = {Implementation and Evaluation of a Dynamic Multi-Grid Pattern Authentication for Secure Financial Applications},
  journal   = {International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications},
  volume    = {17},
  number    = {7},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {The Science and Information Organization},
  author    = {Amjad Qashlan and Qamar H. Naith and Fatimah Alakeel and Malak B Alharbi},
  doi       = {10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170750},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2026.0170750}
}